Why asking questions matters
Open communication with your medical team is essential for understanding your diagnosis, treatment options and what to expect throughout the process. Don’t hesitate to ask for further explanations if you don’t understand a term or recommendation.
We recommend coming to the consultation with a notebook and, if you wish, accompanied by a family member who can help you remember the information.
At diagnosis
- What is the exact stage of my cancer? (T, N, M)
- Where exactly is the tumor located in the rectum?
- Has the tumor been tested for microsatellite instability (MSI)?
- Has my case been discussed in a multidisciplinary oncology board?
- What additional investigations are needed?
- Are there distant metastases?
About treatment
- What is the recommended treatment plan and why?
- Will I need chemoradiotherapy before surgery?
- What type of surgery is planned? (LAR, APR, local excision)
- Are there alternatives to the proposed treatment plan?
- What are the risks and benefits of each option?
- Am I eligible for Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT)?
- Are there clinical trials I could participate in?
About surgery
- Will you use a minimally invasive technique (laparoscopic/robotic)?
- How likely is it that the anal sphincter will be preserved?
- Will I need a stoma? Temporary or permanent?
- If the stoma is temporary, when will it be closed?
- What are the possible complications of the operation?
- How long will the hospital stay be?
- What experience do you have with this type of operation?
About radiotherapy
- What radiotherapy schedule is recommended? (short or long course)
- What side effects should I expect?
- What can I do to reduce discomfort during radiotherapy?
- How will sexual function be affected?
- What restrictions will I have during radiotherapy?
About recovery
- What is LARS syndrome and what can be done about it?
- When can I return to normal activities?
- What physical exercises are recommended and when can I start?
- What warning signs should I watch for after discharge?
- Will I have access to physiotherapy and biofeedback?
- Are there support groups for patients?
About follow-up
- What is the monitoring schedule after treatment?
- What investigations will I undergo and how often?
- What is my risk of recurrence?
- Am I eligible for the Watch & Wait strategy?
- What symptoms should I report immediately?
- Who is the contact person in the medical team if I have problems between visits?
About quality of life
- How will my long-term bowel function be affected?
- How will my sexual function be affected?
- Should I see a dietitian?
- Is psychological support available?
- Is there a specialized stoma nurse?
- How can I get a disability certificate if needed?
Tip: You can print or save this page and bring it with you to your consultation. There are no “bad” questions — every concern deserves clarification.